Search results for " Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"

showing 10 items of 15 documents

Application of guidelines for the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in three prospective cohorts of HIV-monoinfected patients

2020

Objectives: Current guidelines recommend use of a diagnostic algorithm to assess disease severity in cases of suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We applied this algorithm to HIV-monoinfected patients. Methods: We analysed three prospective screening programmes for NAFLD carried out in the following cohorts: the Liver Disease in HIV (LIVEHIV) cohort in Montreal, the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic (MHMC) cohort and the Liver Pathologies in HIV in Palermo (LHivPa) cohort. In the LIVEHIV and LHivPa cohorts, NAFLD was diagnosed if the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was ≥ 248 dB/m; in the MHMC cohort, it was diagnosed if the liver/spleen Hounsfield unit (HU) ratio on abdomin…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalenonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyCanadaHIV monoinfection; fibrosis-4; guidelines; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; specialist referralHIV monoinfectionHIV InfectionsSeverity of Illness Index03 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasespecialist referralmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineProspective Studiesbusiness.industryHealth Policyfibrosis-4Alanine TransaminaseHepatologyMiddle Agedmedicine.disease030112 virologyObesityInfectious DiseasesItalyCohortPractice Guidelines as TopicCoinfectionFemaleGuideline AdherencebusinessViral hepatitisTomography X-Ray ComputedguidelineAlgorithms
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Exome-Wide Association Study on Alanine Aminotransferase Identifies Sequence Variants in the GPAM and APOE Associated With Fatty Liver Disease.

2021

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a growing epidemic that is expected to be the leading cause of end-stage liver disease within the next decade. Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to the susceptibility of FLD. Several genetic variants contributing to FLD have been identified in exome-wide association studies. However, there is still a missing hereditability indicating that other genetic variants are yet to be discovered. METHODS: To find genes involved in FLD, we first examined the association of missense and nonsense variants with alanine amino transferase at an exome-wide level in 425,671 participants from the UK Biobank. We then validated genetic variants wit…

0301 basic medicineGenome-wide association studyLiver disease0302 clinical medicineENRICHMENT ANALYSISNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseExomeCONFERS SUSCEPTIBILITYGeneticsINSULIN-RESISTANCEmedicine.diagnostic_testFatty liverGastroenterologyAlanine Transaminase1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase3. Good healthGENOMEEuropePhenotypeLiver biopsy030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyNonalcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseMAFLDSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyTransaminaseRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesApolipoproteins ENAFLDmedicineGenetic predispositionHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHEPATIC STEATOSISGenetic associationMAFLD Phenotype Reproducibility of Results Risk Assessment Risk Factors Transcriptome Genetic Variation Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Transaminase 1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase Alanine Transaminase Apolipoproteins E Biomarkers Europe Exome Gene Expression Profiling Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genome-Wide Association Study Humans Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseHepatologyMUTATIONSGene Expression ProfilingGenetic VariationReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.diseaseX-RECEPTORGENE030104 developmental biology3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineMetabolic Associated Fatty Liver DiseaseRNA-SEQ DATATranscriptomePATHOGENICITYBiomarkersGenome-Wide Association StudyGastroenterology
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Utility and appropriateness of the fatty liver inhibition of progression (FLIP) algorithm and steatosis, activity, and fibrosis (SAF) score in the ev…

2013

Biopsy is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis but the definition may vary among pathologists, a drawback especially in evaluation of biopsies for clinical trials. We previously developed a scoring system (steatosis, activity, fibrosis [SAF]) allowing the use of an algorithm (fatty liver inhibition of progression [FLIP]) for the classification of liver injury in morbid obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of the SAF score and FLIP algorithm can decrease interobserver variations among pathologists. In a first session, pathologists categorized 40 liver biopsies of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) according t…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyConcordanceBiopsySettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaSeverity of Illness IndexFibrosisNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicineSAF steatosis activity fibrosis.Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseBiopsyNAS nonalcoholic steatohepatitis activity scoremedicineHumansAgedObserver VariationHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryFatty liverGold standard (test)HepatologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFatty LiverLiverNASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitiDisease ProgressionFemaleNAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseSteatosisbusinessAlgorithmAlgorithmsHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
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Regulation of the effects of CYP2E1-induced oxidative stress by JNK signaling

2014

The generation of excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to cellular oxidative stress that underlies a variety of forms of hepatocyte injury and death including that from alcohol. Although ROS can induce cell damage through direct effects on cellular macromolecules, the injurious effects of ROS are mediated largely through changes in signal transduction pathways such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In response to alcohol, hepatocytes have increased levels of the enzyme cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) which generates an oxidant stress that promotes the development of alcoholic steatosis and liver injury. These effects are mediated in larg…

Alcoholic liver diseaseClinical BiochemistryReview ArticleMitogen-activated protein kinase kinasemedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryCytochrome P450 2E10302 clinical medicineMolecular Targeted TherapyMitogen-activated protein kinaseslcsh:QH301-705.5c-Jun N-terminal kinasechemistry.chemical_classificationTNF tumor necrosis factorlcsh:R5-9200303 health sciencesCell DeathCYP2E1 cytochrome P450 2E1Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E13. Good healthCell biologyPKD protein kinase DLiverJNK c-Jun N-terminal kinaseSab SH3 homology associated BTK binding protein030211 gastroenterology & hepatologySignal transductionlcsh:Medicine (General)MAP Kinase Signaling SystemAPAP acetaminophenMKK MAPK kinaseBiology03 medical and health sciencesROS reactive oxygen speciesPKC protein kinase CmedicineAnimalsHumansMAPKKK MAPK kinase kinaseProtein kinase ACell damage030304 developmental biologyReactive oxygen speciesMAP kinase kinase kinaseOrganic ChemistryJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesAlcoholic liver diseasemedicine.diseaseERK1/2 extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2Fatty Liverlcsh:Biology (General)chemistryOxidative stressNAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseReactive Oxygen SpeciesMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseOxidative stressRedox Biology
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Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients

2022

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Diabetes Mellitus Type 1EndocrinologyNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismInternal MedicineHumansObesityCardiometabolic risk Diabetes mellitus type 1 Metabolic syndrome Nonalcoholic Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obesity SteatohepatitisJournal of Diabetes and its Complications
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Role of Myeloid-Epithelial-Reproductive Tyrosine Kinase and Macrophage Polarization in the Progression of Atherosclerotic Lesions Associated With Non…

2019

Recent lines of evidence highlight the involvement of myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (MerTK) in metabolic disease associated with liver damage. MerTK is mainly expressed in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages where it mediates transcriptional changes including suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and enhancement of inflammatory repressors. MerTK is regulated by metabolic pathways through nuclear sensors including LXRs, PPARs, and RXRs, in response to apoptotic bodies or to other sources of cholesterol. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most serious public health problems worldwide. It is a clinicopathological syndrome closely related to obesity, insuli…

Drug targeting0301 basic medicineMacrophageMacrophage polarizationInflammationReviewMonocyteProinflammatory cytokine03 medical and health sciencesMerTK0302 clinical medicineFibrosisNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicineNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseMacrophagePharmacology (medical)InflammationPharmacologybusiness.industrylcsh:RM1-950Lipid metabolismMERTKmedicine.diseasemacrophagesAtherosclerosis; Drug targeting; Inflammation; Macrophages; MerTK; Monocytes; Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaselcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology030104 developmental biologyAtherosclerosi030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCancer researchatherosclerosismedicine.symptommonocytesbusinessFrontiers in Pharmacology
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Genetic background in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review

2015

In the Western world, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as one of the most significant liver diseases of the twenty-first century. Its development is certainly driven by environmental factors, but it is also regulated by genetic background. The role of heritability has been widely demonstrated by several epidemiological, familial, and twin studies and case series, and likely reflects the wide inter-individual and inter-ethnic genetic variability in systemic metabolism and wound healing response processes. Consistent with this idea, genome-wide association studies have clearly identified Patatin-like phosholipase domain-containing 3 gene variant I148M as a major player i…

Genetic MarkersCandidate geneGenome-wide association studieHeredityPatatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3Genome-wide association studyDiseaseReviewBiologymedicine.disease_causeGeneticNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsHeredityNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicineHumansNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic variabilityGenetic associationGeneticsFatty liverGastroenterologyGenetic VariationGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCandidate gene studiePedigreePhenotypeNonalcoholic steatohepatitiTransmembrane 6 superfamily member 2Candidate gene studies; Genetics; Genome-wide association studies; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3; Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2Genome-Wide Association Study
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Metabolic syndrome and severity of fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An age-dependent risk profiling study

2017

Background & Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MS) and its individual components are associated with the severity and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We sought to evaluate the relationship between MS components and the risk of severe hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD patients discriminated by age. Methods: We considered 863 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD, who had been fully evaluated for components of MS. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that F3-F4 was associated with visceral obesity, IFG/diabetes, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but not triglycerides >150 or arterial hypertension. A significant interaction was found betw…

Liver CirrhosisMaleGastroenterologyBody Mass Index0302 clinical medicineFibrosisNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease10. No inequalityDiabetesAge FactorsMiddle AgedMetabolic syndrome3. Good healthItalyLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisObesity Abdominal030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleWaist CircumferenceLipoproteins HDLAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyDiabetes Complications03 medical and health sciencesDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineHumansNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseObesityAgedDiabetes; Metabolic syndrome; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Obesity; HepatologyHepatologybusiness.industrynutritional and metabolic diseasesHepatologymedicine.diseaseObesityMiddle ageCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsdiabeteMultivariate AnalysisMetabolic syndromeInsulin ResistanceHepatic fibrosisbusiness
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Digital Pathology Enables Automated and Quantitative Assessment of Inflammatory Activity in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

2021

Traditional histological evaluation for grading liver disease severity is based on subjective and semi-quantitative scores. We examined the relationship between digital pathology analysis and corresponding scoring systems for the assessment of hepatic necroinflammatory activity. A prospective, multicenter study including 156 patients with chronic liver disease (74% nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-NAFLD, 26% chronic hepatitis-CH etiologies) was performed. Inflammation was graded according to the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network system and METAVIR score. Whole-slide digital image analysis based on quantitative (I-score: inflammation ratio) and morphometric (C-sco…

Liver CirrhosisMalenonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseMiddle AgedFibrosisMicrobiologyBiochemistryArticleQR1-502digital pathology; inflammation; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; chronic hepatitisLiverNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseinflammationHumanschronic hepatitisdigital pathologyMolecular BiologyBiomolecules
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Clinical and biochemical determinants of the extent of liver steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2015

Objective Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is very frequent in both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the metabolic syndrome (MS), which share clinical and metabolic characteristics. Whether and to which extent these characteristics can predict the degree of liver steatosis are not entirely clear. Patients and methods We determined liver fat (divided into four classes) by standard sonographic images, and clinical and biochemical variables, in 60 consecutive patients with T2DM and with features of the MS. We examined both simple and multiple correlations between the degree of liver steatosis and the variables measured. Results Increased liver fat (defined as >5% of liver mass) was detec…

Malenonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicine.medical_specialtytype 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.medical_treatmentSettore MED/50 - Scienze Tecniche Mediche ApplicateGastroenterologyleptinliver steatosispredictive modelInsulin resistanceNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicineinsulin resistanceNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicineHumansInsulinAdiposityAgedUltrasonographyvisceral adiposityGlycated HemoglobinMetabolic SyndromeSettore SECS-S/06 - Metodi mat. dell'economia e Scienze Attuariali e FinanziarieModels StatisticalAnthropometryHepatologybusiness.industryInsulinHemoglobin A1c; insulin resistance; leptin; liver steatosis; metabolic control; multiple regression analysis; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; predictive model; type 2 diabetes mellitus; visceral adiposity;GastroenterologyType 2 Diabetes MellitusHemoglobin A1c; insulin resistance; leptin; liver steatosis; metabolic control; multiple regression analysis; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; predictive model; type 2 diabetes mellitus; visceral adiposity; Gastroenterology; Hepatologymetabolic controlmultiple regression analysisMiddle AgedHepatologymedicine.diseaseEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Hemoglobin A1cMetabolic control analysisFemaleWaist CircumferenceSteatosisMetabolic syndromebusinesshemoglobin A1c leptin liver steatosis metabolic control multiple regression analysis nonalcoholic fatty liver disease insulin resistance predictive model type 2 diabetes mellitus visceral adiposity
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